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Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes

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Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes: -    Image-Hydro Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj) (1.) Firstly, approved QAP will be checked.  (2.) ID marks should be marked on the inner and outer sides of pipes.  Image-ID Mark (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)  (3.) To check the inner and outer diameter of pipes.   (4.) Smooth finishing and before dispatch of RCC pipes cement slurry or grouting where required.   (5.) Load test is required for RCC pipes as per IS codes. It is different for each dia, of RCC pipes.  Image-Plate Load Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)   (6.) Concrete mix design checked and in which cement content, cement brand, and water-cement ratio should be checked.  (7.) The straightness test to be checked of RCC pipes through the straightness rods to collinear visible.   (8.) As per requirement 2% of hydro tests are to be checked as IS:458 of the total ordered quantity.  Image-Hydro Test (Pressure Release) (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)  
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Rodded Bulk Density

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                                                     Rodded Bulk Density Image source:-indiamart.com (1.) Metal measure of 3 liters capacity is used. (2.) Fill the metal measure about 1/3 part full with thoroughly mix fine aggregate. (3.) Temping of aggregate given 25 stokes using rounded end temping rod. (4.) Now, added the second layer of aggregate using the similar quantity of aggregate and given 25 stokes. (5.) The aggregate shall finally be filled to over flowing and temped 25 times. (6.) Now, surplus quantity will remove using the straight edge. (7.) Weight of metal measure filled with compacted aggregate =7.432 Kg. (8.) Net weight of aggregate=Combined weight of metal measure and rodded aggregate-Weight of the                                                        empty metal measure                                               =7.432 Kg - 2.686 Kg                                               = 4.746 Kg (9.) Rodded bulk density =Weight of compacted aggregate / Capacity of meta
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Bulk Density and Voids of Fine Aggregate

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 Bulk Density and Voids of Fine Aggregate Types :- (1.) Loose Weight (2.) Rodded Weight  Loose Weight  Image Source:-ScienceDirect.com Apparatus Required - (1) Weighing Balance (2) Temping Rod (3) Straight Edge (4) Fine Aggregate  (5) Observation Sheet (6) Cylindrical metal measure of 3 litres, 15 litres or 30 litres according to the size of coarses particle of aggregate. Image Source:-civilsir.com Recent Post:- Proctor Test for Compaction of Soil  Test Procedure :- (1) For size of particle 4.75 mm and under, cylindrical metal measure of capacity 3 litres is used. (2) For size of particle 4.75 mm to 40 mm cylindrical metal measure of capacity 15 litres is used. (3) For size of particle 40 mm and above, cylindrical metal measure of size 30 litres is used. (4) To start the experiment take the metal measure of 3 litres capacity. (5) Take the empty weight of metal measure=2.686 Kg Also Read:- Bulking of fine aggregate (6) Fill the metal cylinder with loose aggregate to overflowing by means
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Proctor Test for Compaction of Soil

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 Proctor Test for Compaction of Soil Image Source: theconstrutor.org Compaction is a artificial process in which expulsion of air is done by means of mechanical means. The dry density is maximum at certain moisture content, that moisture content which is called optimum water content. A curve is drawn between the water content and the dry density to obtain the maximum dry density and optimum water content. Dry density of soil=Wet density/(1+W) Where, W=Water content Recent Post: Bulking of fine aggregate Image Source:Civilengineeringforum.me Apparatus Required:- (i) Take balance, weight=10 kg, where least count=1 gm (ii) Rammer, weight= 4.9 kg, where Fall=450 mm (iii) Proctor mould, Dia.=150 mm, Depth=127.3 mm (iv) 37.5 gm GI sieve is used. (Note-If soil is coarse, then 37.5 mm sieve is used and for other soil 19 mm sieve is used) (v) Total soil sample taken=30 kg (vi) We have taken 6 kg samples of soil in 5 nos. of tray. Also Read: Specific Gravity of Soil by Pycnometer Method  Format:
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"Sewer Network Analysis"

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The word sewerage is made from sewer. The word sewer indicates the usable water which is received from kitchen, bathroom and outfall from toilet/W.C. Every large or small city was held at sea, river and lake and it was planned at initial stage of the project planning, that the dirty water of homes and industries was dumped in that water source easily. Many years passed the dirty water from these utilities are dumped in the nearest source and that source water was make too poisons. Many aquatic life is survive in water and when dirty water is mixed with water source the biological cycle was affected and fishes and other animals population was decreases. Image Source:Pexels.com In that case population of human is also increases continuously and after that level of water source was decreases and we faced many problems continuously. Then sewer network is introduced. Outlet from all homes are connected to lateral lines means the water of kitchen, bathroom and water closet are co
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Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes

-
Image
Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes: -    Image-Hydro Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj) (1.) Firstly, approved QAP will be checked.  (2.) ID marks should be marked on the inner and outer sides of pipes.  Image-ID Mark (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)  (3.) To check the inner and outer diameter of pipes.   (4.) Smooth finishing and before dispatch of RCC pipes cement slurry or grouting where required.   (5.) Load test is required for RCC pipes as per IS codes. It is different for each dia, of RCC pipes.  Image-Plate Load Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)   (6.) Concrete mix design checked and in which cement content, cement brand, and water-cement ratio should be checked.  (7.) The straightness test to be checked of RCC pipes through the straightness rods to collinear visible.   (8.) As per requirement 2% of hydro tests are to be checked as IS:458 of the total ordered quantity.  Image-Hydro Test (Pressure Release) (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)  
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"Solar Power System"

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When the energy received by earth from the sun is known as “solar energy”. Solar energy is comes under renewable energy. Solar radiation is the utilized by the solar plates for further use. The working procedure of solar system is capture, convert and then distribution. Image Source:Pexels.com Solar system is categorized in two parts:- (1.)   Passive Solar: -   In this system the selected material have light dispersion properties and designing spaces that the circulate air naturally. This system reduces the need for alternative resourcs and generally focuses on demand side technologies. (2.)   Active Solar:- This system is based on photovoltaic modules (i.e. also known as photovoltaic panels) and collectors of solar thermal system to convert sun light into their useful output. Its increases the supply of energy. Image Source:Pexels.com Recent Post: Different energy sources Working Procedure:- In this system with the use of photovol
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