Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes

-
Image
Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes: -    Image-Hydro Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj) (1.) Firstly, approved QAP will be checked.  (2.) ID marks should be marked on the inner and outer sides of pipes.  Image-ID Mark (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)  (3.) To check the inner and outer diameter of pipes.   (4.) Smooth finishing and before dispatch of RCC pipes cement slurry or grouting where required.   (5.) Load test is required for RCC pipes as per IS codes. It is different for each dia, of RCC pipes.  Image-Plate Load Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)   (6.) Concrete mix design checked and in which cement content, cement brand, and water-cement ratio should be checked.  (7.) The straightness test to be checked of RCC pipes through the straightness rods to collinear visible.   (8.) As per requirement 2% of hydro tests are to be checked as IS:458 of the total...
Post a Comment

"Description of Brick"

-
                                      
                  

Brick is as an important building material. Bricks can be joint together using mortar which makes it adhesive and interlocking them. It is used for residential structure, commercial structure, institutional structure and industrial structure purpose.

Composition of Brick:-

Sl. No.
Composition of Brick
%Range
1
Silica
50% to 60%
2
Alumina
20%-30%
3
Lime
<5%
4
Magnesia
<1%
5
Iron Oxide
<7%



Image Source:Pexels.com

Role of Silica:-

(1.)  It imparts strength, durability and uniform shape of bricks.

(2.)  It prevent cracking, shrinkage of earth.

(3.)  Excess of silica is responsible of corrosion and due to which brick will make brittle.


Role of Alumina:-

 (1.)  Absorb water and imparts plasticity to the earth such that it can be moulded.

 (2.)  If alumina is excess in brick, the crack will develop on drying and becomes hard when burnt.

Image Source:Pexels.com

Recent Post:Description of lime

Role of Lime:-

(1.)  Prevents the shrinkage on drying

          (2.)  Excess of lime causes the brick to unsound and brick standard shape will change.

Role of Magnesia:-

                (1.)  It imparts yellow colour of brick.

                (2.)  Decrease the shrinkage

                (3.)  Excess of magnesia leads to decay the bricks.



Role of Iron Oxide:-

          (1.)  It gives red colour.

          (2.)  It gives strength & hardness.

          (3.)  Excess of iron oxide makes the brick colour is dark blue.

Image Source:Pexels.com

Also Read:Description of concrete

Classification of Bricks:-

Sl. No.
Class of Brick
  Min. Crushing Strength 
   Max. Water Absorption
1
First Class
>10 N/MM2
12 % to 20%
2
Second Class
>7 N/MM2
22 %
3
Third Class
<7 N/MM2
25 %
4
Fourth Class/Jhamma
- 
 -
 

 






Image Source:Pexels.com


Harmful Ingredient in Brick Earth:-

              (1.)   Iron Pyrites

              (2.)  Pebles & Gravels

              (3.)  Alkalies

              (4.)  Organic Matter

              (5.)  Sulpher




Tests of Brick:-

        (1.)  Crushing Test/Compressive Strength Test

        (2.)  Hardness Test

        (3.) Toughness Test

        (4.) Water Absorption Test

        (5.) Alkali Test/Efflorescence Test

        (6.) Soundness Test

        (7.) Shape & Size Test

Image Source:Pexels.com

Also Read:Syllabus of civil engineering

Note:-

        (1.)  No. of bricks in 1 cum. is 500.

        (2.)  Weight of one brick is lies between 3 to 3.5 kg.

        (3.)  Weight of 1 cum. brick is 1800 kg.

Image Source:Pexels.com
Manufacturing Procedure of Brick:-

             (1.)  Preparation of Clay

             (2.)  Moulding

             (3.)  Drying

             (4.)  Burning

Procedure of Preparation of Clay:-

        (1.)  Unsoiling

        (2.)  Digging

        (3.)  Cleaning

        (4.)  Weathering

        (5.)  Blending

        (6.)  Tampering

Types of Moulding:-

                        (1.)  Hand Moulding---------(a.) Ground Moulding

                                            (b.) Table Moulding


(2.)Machine Moulding------(a.)Plastic Clay Machine Moulding

                                            (b.)Dry Clay Machine Moulding


Image Source:Pexels.com

Types of Burning:-

      (1.)  Clamp Burning

      (2.)  Kiln Burning

                   Types of Bond:-

                              (1.)  Strecher Bond

                              (2.)  Header  Bond

                              (3.)  English Bond

                              (4.)  Flemish Bond

Image Source:Pexels.com

     Also Read:Description of quality control in construction industry

Note:-  
            
             (1.)  English bond is stronger than Flemish bond.

             (2.)  Flemish bond gives better appearance than English bond.

             (3.)  Construction with Flemish bond requires greater skills as compare to English bond.

Image Source:Pexels.com


             (4.)  Standard size of modular brick is 190 mm x 90 mm x 90 mm  or 190 mm x 90 mm x 40 cm.

             (5.)  Standard size of non-modular brick is 230 mm x 110 mm x 70 mm or 230 mm x 110 mm x 30                mm.

       Prefer IS Code:-

       (1.) IS:1077

            (2.) IS:3495

            (3.) IS:2180




 
Thanks for visiting this site.
Has this blog been helpful to you? If yes, please mention in the comment box.

Written By- 
Ritesh Raj
Email Id-rajritesh.motiharirr@gmail.com

Comments

Post a Comment

If you have any suggestions and doubts please let me know.

Popular posts from this blog

"Sewer Network Analysis"

-
Image
The word sewerage is made from sewer. The word sewer indicates the usable water which is received from kitchen, bathroom and outfall from toilet/W.C. Every large or small city was held at sea, river and lake and it was planned at initial stage of the project planning, that the dirty water of homes and industries was dumped in that water source easily. Many years passed the dirty water from these utilities are dumped in the nearest source and that source water was make too poisons. Many aquatic life is survive in water and when dirty water is mixed with water source the biological cycle was affected and fishes and other animals population was decreases. Image Source:Pexels.com In that case population of human is also increases continuously and after that level of water source was decreases and we faced many problems continuously. Then sewer network is introduced. Outlet from all homes are connected to lateral lines means the water of kitchen, bathroom and water closet are co...
Read more

Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes

-
Image
Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes: -    Image-Hydro Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj) (1.) Firstly, approved QAP will be checked.  (2.) ID marks should be marked on the inner and outer sides of pipes.  Image-ID Mark (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)  (3.) To check the inner and outer diameter of pipes.   (4.) Smooth finishing and before dispatch of RCC pipes cement slurry or grouting where required.   (5.) Load test is required for RCC pipes as per IS codes. It is different for each dia, of RCC pipes.  Image-Plate Load Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)   (6.) Concrete mix design checked and in which cement content, cement brand, and water-cement ratio should be checked.  (7.) The straightness test to be checked of RCC pipes through the straightness rods to collinear visible.   (8.) As per requirement 2% of hydro tests are to be checked as IS:458 of the total...
Read more

"Solar Power System"

-
Image
When the energy received by earth from the sun is known as “solar energy”. Solar energy is comes under renewable energy. Solar radiation is the utilized by the solar plates for further use. The working procedure of solar system is capture, convert and then distribution. Image Source:Pexels.com Solar system is categorized in two parts:- (1.)   Passive Solar: -   In this system the selected material have light dispersion properties and designing spaces that the circulate air naturally. This system reduces the need for alternative resourcs and generally focuses on demand side technologies. (2.)   Active Solar:- This system is based on photovoltaic modules (i.e. also known as photovoltaic panels) and collectors of solar thermal system to convert sun light into their useful output. Its increases the supply of energy. Image Source:Pexels.com Recent Post: Different energy sources Working Procedure:- In this system with the u...
Read more