Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes

-
Image
Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes: -    Image-Hydro Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj) (1.) Firstly, approved QAP will be checked.  (2.) ID marks should be marked on the inner and outer sides of pipes.  Image-ID Mark (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)  (3.) To check the inner and outer diameter of pipes.   (4.) Smooth finishing and before dispatch of RCC pipes cement slurry or grouting where required.   (5.) Load test is required for RCC pipes as per IS codes. It is different for each dia, of RCC pipes.  Image-Plate Load Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)   (6.) Concrete mix design checked and in which cement content, cement brand, and water-cement ratio should be checked.  (7.) The straightness test to be checked of RCC pipes through the straightness rods to collinear visible.   (8.) As per requirement 2% of hydro tests are to be checked as IS:458 of the total...
Post a Comment

"Description of Concrete"

-
                                                   

A concrete is a homogeneous mixture of Cement, fine aggregate (Sand) and coarse aggregate (20 mm & 10 mm) with required amount of water. Homogeneous mixture means properly mix on the basis of ratio is fixed or provided. Concrete technology deals with the properties and practical approaches.

Concrete play a massive level role in construction industry.



Image Source:Pexels.com




Composition Of Concrete:-

    (1.)  Cement

    (2.)  Fine Aggregate (Sand )

    (3.)  Coarse Aggregate (20 mm & 10 mm )

    (4.)  Water

    (5.)  Admixture

     Recent Post: Syllabus of civil engineering        


Image Source:Pexels.com
      


Type of Concrete:-

      (1.)  RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete)-When reinforcement is used in concrete, then it is known as RCC.

     (2.)  PCC (Plain Cement Concrete) - When reinforcement is not present during concreting, it is known as PCC. PCC is very lean and thin layered concrete. Generally M-5, M-7.5 and present sinario           M-10 grade of concrete is used. PCC is provided not for strength purpose, its only for the layer which is provided between soil and reinforcement. Its main purpose is to break the contact between soil and steel and provide hard strata below the concrete.



Grade of Concrete –

             (1.)    Nominal Grade Of Concrete-


Grade Of Concrete
Mix Ratio
Min. Compressive Strength
M-5
1:5:10
   5 N/MM2
M-7.5
1:4:8
7.5 N/MM2
M-10
1: 3: 6
10 N/MM2
M-15
1:2:4
15 N/MM2
M-20
1:1.5:3
20 N/MM2

        (2.) Standard Grade of Concrete-

Image Source:Pexels.com
Grade Of Concrete
Mix Ratio
Min. Compressive Strength
M-25
1:1:2
25 N/MM2
M-30
Design Mix
30 N/MM2
M-35
Design Mix
35 N/MM2
M-40
Design Mix
40 N/MM2
M-45
Design Mix
45 N/MM2

        (3.) High Strength Concrete Grade-

Grade Of Concrete
Mix Ratio
Min. Compressive Strength
M-50
Design Mix
50 N/MM2
M-55
Design Mix
55 N/MM2
M-60
Design Mix
60 N/MM2
M-65
Design Mix
65 N/MM2
M-70
Design Mix
70 N/MM2


Types of Concrete Mix:-



Image Source:Pexels.com





(1.)  Nominal Mix-Its ratio is fixed. Not required to change, but from M-15 and upper grades of concrete generally design mix is required from third party (like as IIT college, NIT college and other reputed govt. colleges) as per client requirements.    

                                        
    (2.)  Design Mix-Its ratio is not fixed, it is designed by third party and on the basis of many times trial mixes is done. 

     Also Read:Description of safety measures at construction site

Image Source:Pexels.com

       During the concrete mixing following parts will be consider:-

          (1.)  Water-Cement Ratio

          (2.)  Workability Of Concrete to be check through Slump-Cone and check the required slump is ok or            not as per requirement?

    (3.) Durability of concrete and

    (4.) Strength

    (5.) Curing will also be considered

Note:-   
As per IS Code:456, Page no.-11, Degree of workability and required slump value is described:-
                    
Sl. No.
Placing Condition
Degree Of Workabilty
Slump (In mm)
1
Blinding Concrete, Shallow Sections, Pavement using Pavers
Vey Low

2
Mass Concrete, Lightly Reinforced Sections in slabs, beams, wall, Column, Floors, Hand placed pavements, Canal Linning,Strip Footings
Low
25-75
3
Heavily reinforced sections in slabs, Beams, Walls, Columns
Medium
50-100
4
Slipform Work, Pumped Concrete
Medium
75-100
5
Trench Fill , In-Situ Pilling
Very High




Image Source:Pexels.com

Also Read:Description of cement

Procedure of Concreting:-

      (1.)  Mixing

      (2.)  Placing

      (3.)  Transportation

      (4.)  Placing

      (5.)  Pouring

      (6.)  Proper Compaction through Vibration

      (7.)  Removal of formwork after required duration of setting time of concrete

      (8.)  Curing with pond method , sprinkling method as required on laying of hessian cloth/gunny                   bags/jute bags/Sacks 



Image Source:Pexels.com



Environmental Exposure Conditions:- 

(1.)  Mild

(2.)  Moderate

(3.)  Severe

(4.)  Very Severe

                  (5.)  Extreme


      Another Types of Concrete-

(1.)  Lime Concrete- Lime is used for concrete.

(2.)  Asphalt Concrete- Bitumen is used in asphalt concrete for road construction.

Also Read:Description of steel

 Note:-

              (1.) Concrete is strong in compression, but steel is strong in tension.

        (2.) More water mixing in concrete is decreased the strength of concrete.

        (3.) During hand mixing of concrete, 10% of extra cement is required.

       (4.) Mixing of concrete will be proper for any structure casting , it will be simply check we will take some concrete in our hand, if it is not more loose and gain a shape like as a  ball,then it is ok. Mixing of concrete will also check, on its colour.

Image Source:Pexels.com


Test Of Concrete:-

(1.) Cube Test

(2.) Core Cutter Test

(3.) Ultra-sonic Pulse Velocity Test

(4.) Rebound Hammer Test 






 Has this blog been helpful to you? If yes, please mention in the comment box.




      Thanks for visiting this site.

Written By- 
Ritesh Raj
Email Id-rajritesh.motiharirr@gmail.com

Comments

Post a Comment

If you have any suggestions and doubts please let me know.

Popular posts from this blog

"Sewer Network Analysis"

-
Image
The word sewerage is made from sewer. The word sewer indicates the usable water which is received from kitchen, bathroom and outfall from toilet/W.C. Every large or small city was held at sea, river and lake and it was planned at initial stage of the project planning, that the dirty water of homes and industries was dumped in that water source easily. Many years passed the dirty water from these utilities are dumped in the nearest source and that source water was make too poisons. Many aquatic life is survive in water and when dirty water is mixed with water source the biological cycle was affected and fishes and other animals population was decreases. Image Source:Pexels.com In that case population of human is also increases continuously and after that level of water source was decreases and we faced many problems continuously. Then sewer network is introduced. Outlet from all homes are connected to lateral lines means the water of kitchen, bathroom and water closet are co...
Read more

Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes

-
Image
Important Points SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) During the Inspection of RCC NP4 Pipes: -    Image-Hydro Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj) (1.) Firstly, approved QAP will be checked.  (2.) ID marks should be marked on the inner and outer sides of pipes.  Image-ID Mark (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)  (3.) To check the inner and outer diameter of pipes.   (4.) Smooth finishing and before dispatch of RCC pipes cement slurry or grouting where required.   (5.) Load test is required for RCC pipes as per IS codes. It is different for each dia, of RCC pipes.  Image-Plate Load Test (Photo Credit: Ritesh Raj)   (6.) Concrete mix design checked and in which cement content, cement brand, and water-cement ratio should be checked.  (7.) The straightness test to be checked of RCC pipes through the straightness rods to collinear visible.   (8.) As per requirement 2% of hydro tests are to be checked as IS:458 of the total...
Read more

"Solar Power System"

-
Image
When the energy received by earth from the sun is known as “solar energy”. Solar energy is comes under renewable energy. Solar radiation is the utilized by the solar plates for further use. The working procedure of solar system is capture, convert and then distribution. Image Source:Pexels.com Solar system is categorized in two parts:- (1.)   Passive Solar: -   In this system the selected material have light dispersion properties and designing spaces that the circulate air naturally. This system reduces the need for alternative resourcs and generally focuses on demand side technologies. (2.)   Active Solar:- This system is based on photovoltaic modules (i.e. also known as photovoltaic panels) and collectors of solar thermal system to convert sun light into their useful output. Its increases the supply of energy. Image Source:Pexels.com Recent Post: Different energy sources Working Procedure:- In this system with the u...
Read more